How does the Electronic Stability Control (ESC) enhance a vehicle's stability?

The Electronic Stability Control (ESC) system is designed to enhance a vehicle's stability primarily by detecting and reducing loss of traction. When the vehicle begins to skid or lose grip, such as during sharp turns or slippery conditions, the system monitors the vehicle's movement and compares it to the driver's intended direction.

If it detects that the vehicle is not following the intended path, ESC intervenes by selectively applying the brakes to individual wheels. This action helps to restore stability and control, allowing the driver to maintain the vehicle's intended path. As a result, the risk of accidents in conditions that could lead to oversteering or understeering is significantly reduced.

The other options, while related to vehicle performance or safety, do not directly pertain to how ESC functions. Detecting low tire pressure is important for overall vehicle safety but does not specifically relate to stability control. Repairing the suspension system is a maintenance task that addresses vehicle dynamics but does not function in real-time to assist with stability. Monitoring engine performance can affect overall vehicle operation but is not directly linked to maintaining traction or stability during dynamic driving conditions.