What does the Alternator do?

The alternator plays a crucial role in a vehicle's electrical system by converting mechanical energy into electrical energy. As the engine runs, it turns the alternator, which generates electricity to power the vehicle’s electrical components and recharge the battery. This process is essential because it allows the vehicle to operate electrical systems such as the ignition, lights, and radio while ensuring that the battery remains charged.

The other options do not accurately describe the function of the alternator. For instance, the alternator is not responsible for turning electrical energy into mechanical energy, as that would describe a motor rather than an alternator. Similarly, the notion of converting energy into engine power does not fit as the alternator does not create power for the engine itself; rather, it supplies the electrical energy necessary for various vehicle functions. Therefore, the correct answer accurately identifies the main purpose of an alternator in a vehicle's operation.